Phase correlation describes the phase relationship between two stereo channels. When channels are perfectly in phase, they combine cleanly to mono; when out of phase, frequencies can cancel each other, leading to loss of sound elements or tonal imbalance.
Meters displaying a range from -1 (complete phase inversion) to +1 (perfect correlation) are used during mixing and mastering to monitor stereo integrity. Maintaining positive correlation ensures that the mix translates well across playback systems, from stereo setups to mono devices such as mobile phones or radio broadcasts.